Medical Mnemonics part II

Arthritis: seronegative spondyloarthropathies
PEAR:
Psoriatic arthritis
Enteropathic arthritis (IBD)
Ankylosing sponylitis
Reiter's/ Reactive

Kawasaki disease: diagnostic criteria
CHILD:5 letters=5 days, >5 years old, 5 out 6 criteria for diagnosis:
Conjuctivitis (bilateral)
Hyperthermia (fever) >5 days
Idiopathic polymorphic rash
Lymphoadenopathy (cervical)
Dryness & redness of (i)lips & month (ii)palms & soles [2 separate criteria]

Thyroid carcinoma: features, prognosis of most popular
Most Popular is Papillary.·

Clinical features:
Papillae (branching)
Palpable lymph nodes
"Pupil" nuclei (Orphan Annie)
Psammoma bodies within lesion (often)·
Also, has a Positive Prognosis (10 year survival rate: 98%).

Urination: autonomic control
"When you pee, it's PISs":
Parasympathetic Inhibits Sympathetic.

Gram positive stain
Gram Positives
Stain Purple (violet-blue) because of
their thick Peptidoglycan layer

Hypercalcemia: symptoms of elevated serum levels
"Bones, Stones, Groans, Moans":
Bones: pain in bones
Stones: renal
Groans: pain
Psychic moans/ Psychological overtones: confused state

Wernicke-Korsakoff triad
Syndrome in alchoholics, who love to "drink CANs of beer":
Confusion
Ataxia
Nystagmus

SIADH: diagnostic sign
Syndrome of INAPPropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone:
Increased Na (sodium)
PP (urine)·
SIADH is characterized by increased urinary sodium.

Felty's syndrome: components
SANTA:
Splenomegaly
Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia
Arthritis (rheumatoid)

Conscious change: causes
AEIOU TIPS:
Alcohol
Encephalopathy
Infection
Opioid
Uremia
Trauma
Insulin
Psychosis
Syncope

Premature ejaculation: treatment
4 S's:
SSRIs [eg: fluoxitime]
Squeezing technique [glans pressure before climax]·
Sensate-focus excercises [relieves anxiety]
Stop and start method [5-6 rehearsals of stopping stimulation before climax]

Neuroleptic side effects onset
The rule of 4's:
Dystonia: 4 hours-4 days
Akathesia: 4 days-40 days
Extrapyramidal symptoms: 4 days-4 weeks
Tardive dyskinesia: 4 months (greater than)·

Note that tardive is obviously the latest one to happen (tardive=tardy/late).·
Note that the first letters of these four classic symptoms spell "DATE", and this mnemonic is the dates when they occur.

Pulmonary fibrosis: differential of both upper and lower lobes
BREAST SCAR:·
Upper lobe:
Beryliosis
Radiation
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Sarcoidosis
TB·

Lower lobe:
Systemic sclerosis
Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
Asbestosis
Radiation


Strep throat score / Issac Criteria
NO FACE:
NO cough: no cough is +1
Fever: has fever is +1
Age: less than 5 years is -1, 15-45 years is 0, greater than 45 years is +1
Cervical nodes: cervical nodes palpable is +1
Exudate: tonsillar exudate is +1·

Scoring interpretation:
Score 0-1: no strep throat.
Score 1-3: possible strep throat, do a swab test.
Score 4-5: strep throat is likely, so treat empirically.

Haematology: key numbers
3 and 4 are key in in haematology:
1.34 cm3 of oxygen is carried by a gram of hemoglobin.
There's 3.4mg of iron in each gram of hemoglobin.
There's an average of 3.4 lobes per neutrophil.
There's 34mg bilirubin from each gram of hemoglobin.

Thigh: innervation by compartment
"MAP OF Sciatic":
Medial compartment: Obturator
Anterior compartment: Femoral
Posterior compartment: Sciatic·
So all the thigh muscles in that compartment get innervated by that nerve.

Beck's triad (cardiac tamponade)
3 D's:
Distant heart sounds
Distended jugular veins
Decreased arterial pressure

Paget's disease of bone: signs and symptoms
Four L's:
Larger hat size
Loss of hearing: due to compression of nerve
Leontiasis ossea (lion-like face)
Light-headed (Paget's steal)

Kidney hilums at transpyloric plane [L1]
L-1 goes through hilum of only 1 kidney, and it's the Left one

Down syndrome pathology
DOWN:
Decreased alpha-fetoprotein and unconjugated estriol (maternal)
One extra chromosome twenty-one
Women of advanced age
Nondisjunction during maternal meiosis

T2 vs. T1 MRI scan
"WW 2" (World War II):·
Water is White in a T2 scan.·
Conversely, a T1 scan shows fat as being whiter.

Malignant melanoma: 3 sites with poor prognosis
BANS:
Back of Arm
Neck
Scalp

Alpha-fetoprotein: some major causes for increased maternal serum AFP during pregnancy
TOLD:
Testicular tumours
Obituary (fetal death)
Liver: hepatomas
Defects (neural tube defects)

Stroke: young patient's likely causes
7 C's:
Cocaine
Consanguinity [familial such as neurofibromatosis and von Hippel-Lindau]
Cancer
Cardiogenic embol
hyperCoagulation
CNS infection [eg: HIV conditions]
Congenital arterial lesion

Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV, clubfoot): major physical findings
CAVE:
Cavus
Adduction
Varus
Equinus

Hirsutism vs. virilism
Hirsutism: Hair on body like a male.
Virilism: Voice and rest of secondary sexual characteristics like a male.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: symptom triad
WASTER:Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome is:
Thrombocytopenia
Eczema
Recurrent staphlococcal infections

Pheochromocytoma: common symptoms
5 P's:
Paroxysmal rise in BP
Palpitations
Perspiration
Pain in abdomen
PMV in urine

Colon carcinoma: aeitiology
CRAPS:
Chronic ulcerative colitis
Ratio of animal fat:fibre diet
Adenomatous polyps
Familial Polyposis
Strong family history of colon cancer.


Source: http://www.medicalmnemonics.com/